diff --git a/src/bot/commands.test.ts b/src/bot/commands.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6855f3f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bot/commands.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+import { describe, it, expect } from "vitest";
+import { parseCommand } from "./commands.js";
+
+describe("Command Parser", () => {
+  it("parses simple command", () => {
+    const result = parseCommand("!play 晴天", "!");
+    expect(result).not.toBeNull();
+    expect(result!.name).toBe("play");
+    expect(result!.args).toBe("晴天");
+    expect(result!.rawArgs).toEqual(["晴天"]);
+  });
+
+  it("parses command with flags", () => {
+    const result = parseCommand("!play -q 七里香", "!");
+    expect(result!.name).toBe("play");
+    expect(result!.flags.has("q")).toBe(true);
+    expect(result!.args).toBe("七里香");
+  });
+
+  it("returns null for non-command messages", () => {
+    expect(parseCommand("hello world", "!")).toBeNull();
+    expect(parseCommand("", "!")).toBeNull();
+  });
+
+  it("handles custom prefix", () => {
+    const result = parseCommand("/play test", "/");
+    expect(result!.name).toBe("play");
+    expect(result!.args).toBe("test");
+  });
+
+  it("resolves aliases", () => {
+    const aliases = { p: "play", s: "skip", n: "next" };
+    const result = parseCommand("!p 稻香", "!", aliases);
+    expect(result!.name).toBe("play");
+    expect(result!.args).toBe("稻香");
+  });
+
+  it("parses command with no args", () => {
+    const result = parseCommand("!pause", "!");
+    expect(result!.name).toBe("pause");
+    expect(result!.args).toBe("");
+    expect(result!.rawArgs).toEqual([]);
+  });
+
+  it("parses vol command with number arg", () => {
+    const result = parseCommand("!vol 80", "!");
+    expect(result!.name).toBe("vol");
+    expect(result!.args).toBe("80");
+  });
+
+  it("parses mode command", () => {
+    const result = parseCommand("!mode loop", "!");
+    expect(result!.name).toBe("mode");
+    expect(result!.args).toBe("loop");
+  });
+
+  it("parses remove command with index", () => {
+    const result = parseCommand("!remove 3", "!");
+    expect(result!.name).toBe("remove");
+    expect(result!.args).toBe("3");
+  });
+});
diff --git a/src/bot/commands.ts b/src/bot/commands.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fcd66ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bot/commands.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+export interface ParsedCommand {
+  name: string;
+  args: string;
+  rawArgs: string[];
+  flags: Set<string>;
+}
+
+export const PUBLIC_COMMANDS = new Set([
+  "play", "add", "queue", "list", "now", "lyrics", "vote", "help",
+  "playlist", "album", "fm", "prev", "next", "skip", "pause", "resume",
+]);
+
+export const ADMIN_COMMANDS = new Set([
+  "stop", "clear", "move", "vol", "mode", "follow", "remove",
+]);
+
+export function parseCommand(
+  message: string,
+  prefix: string,
+  aliases: Record<string, string> = {},
+): ParsedCommand | null {
+  const trimmed = message.trim();
+  if (!trimmed.startsWith(prefix)) return null;
+
+  const withoutPrefix = trimmed.slice(prefix.length);
+  if (!withoutPrefix) return null;
+
+  const parts = withoutPrefix.split(/\s+/);
+  let name = parts[0].toLowerCase();
+
+  if (aliases[name]) {
+    name = aliases[name];
+  }
+
+  const flags = new Set<string>();
+  const argParts: string[] = [];
+
+  for (let i = 1; i < parts.length; i++) {
+    if (
+      parts[i].startsWith("-") &&
+      parts[i].length === 2 &&
+      /[a-zA-Z]/.test(parts[i][1])
+    ) {
+      flags.add(parts[i][1].toLowerCase());
+    } else {
+      argParts.push(parts[i]);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return {
+    name,
+    args: argParts.join(" "),
+    rawArgs: argParts,
+    flags,
+  };
+}
+
+export function isAdminCommand(commandName: string): boolean {
+  return ADMIN_COMMANDS.has(commandName);
+}
diff --git a/src/bot/instance.ts b/src/bot/instance.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7d557a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bot/instance.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,524 @@
+import { EventEmitter } from "node:events";
+import {
+  TS3Client,
+  type TS3ClientOptions,
+  type TS3TextMessage,
+} from "../ts-protocol/client.js";
+import { AudioPlayer } from "../audio/player.js";
+import { PlayQueue, PlayMode, type QueuedSong } from "../audio/queue.js";
+import type { MusicProvider } from "../music/provider.js";
+import {
+  parseCommand,
+  isAdminCommand,
+  type ParsedCommand,
+} from "./commands.js";
+import type { Logger } from "../logger.js";
+import type { BotDatabase } from "../data/database.js";
+import type { BotConfig } from "../data/config.js";
+
+export interface BotInstanceOptions {
+  id: string;
+  name: string;
+  tsOptions: TS3ClientOptions;
+  neteaseProvider: MusicProvider;
+  qqProvider: MusicProvider;
+  database: BotDatabase;
+  config: BotConfig;
+  logger: Logger;
+}
+
+export interface BotStatus {
+  id: string;
+  name: string;
+  connected: boolean;
+  playing: boolean;
+  paused: boolean;
+  currentSong: QueuedSong | null;
+  queueSize: number;
+  volume: number;
+  playMode: PlayMode;
+}
+
+export class BotInstance extends EventEmitter {
+  readonly id: string;
+  readonly name: string;
+
+  private tsClient: TS3Client;
+  private player: AudioPlayer;
+  private queue: PlayQueue;
+  private neteaseProvider: MusicProvider;
+  private qqProvider: MusicProvider;
+  private database: BotDatabase;
+  private config: BotConfig;
+  private logger: Logger;
+  private connected = false;
+  private voteSkipUsers = new Set<string>();
+
+  constructor(options: BotInstanceOptions) {
+    super();
+    this.id = options.id;
+    this.name = options.name;
+    this.neteaseProvider = options.neteaseProvider;
+    this.qqProvider = options.qqProvider;
+    this.database = options.database;
+    this.config = options.config;
+    this.logger = options.logger.child({ botId: this.id });
+
+    this.tsClient = new TS3Client(options.tsOptions, this.logger);
+    this.player = new AudioPlayer(this.logger);
+    this.queue = new PlayQueue();
+
+    this.setupPlayerEvents();
+    this.setupTsEvents();
+  }
+
+  private setupPlayerEvents(): void {
+    this.player.on("frame", (opusFrame: Buffer) => {
+      this.tsClient.sendVoiceData(opusFrame);
+    });
+
+    this.player.on("trackEnd", () => {
+      this.logger.debug("Track ended, advancing queue");
+      this.playNext();
+    });
+
+    this.player.on("error", (err: Error) => {
+      this.logger.error({ err }, "Player error");
+      this.playNext();
+    });
+  }
+
+  private setupTsEvents(): void {
+    this.tsClient.on("textMessage", (msg: TS3TextMessage) => {
+      this.handleTextMessage(msg);
+    });
+
+    this.tsClient.on("disconnected", () => {
+      this.connected = false;
+      this.player.stop();
+      this.emit("disconnected");
+    });
+  }
+
+  async connect(): Promise<void> {
+    await this.tsClient.connect();
+    this.connected = true;
+    this.emit("connected");
+  }
+
+  disconnect(): void {
+    this.player.stop();
+    this.tsClient.disconnect();
+    this.connected = false;
+    this.emit("disconnected");
+  }
+
+  private async handleTextMessage(msg: TS3TextMessage): Promise<void> {
+    const parsed = parseCommand(
+      msg.message,
+      this.config.commandPrefix,
+      this.config.commandAliases
+    );
+    if (!parsed) return;
+
+    if (isAdminCommand(parsed.name)) {
+      // TODO: Check if invoker is in adminGroups
+    }
+
+    this.logger.info(
+      { command: parsed.name, args: parsed.args, invoker: msg.invokerName },
+      "Command received"
+    );
+
+    try {
+      const response = await this.executeCommand(parsed, msg);
+      if (response) {
+        await this.tsClient.sendTextMessage(response);
+      }
+    } catch (err) {
+      this.logger.error({ err, command: parsed.name }, "Command execution error");
+      await this.tsClient.sendTextMessage(
+        `Error: ${(err as Error).message}`
+      );
+    }
+  }
+
+  async executeCommand(
+    cmd: ParsedCommand,
+    msg?: TS3TextMessage
+  ): Promise<string | null> {
+    switch (cmd.name) {
+      case "play":
+        return this.cmdPlay(cmd);
+      case "add":
+        return this.cmdAdd(cmd);
+      case "pause":
+        return this.cmdPause();
+      case "resume":
+        return this.cmdResume();
+      case "stop":
+        return this.cmdStop();
+      case "next":
+      case "skip":
+        return this.cmdNext();
+      case "prev":
+        return this.cmdPrev();
+      case "vol":
+        return this.cmdVol(cmd);
+      case "now":
+        return this.cmdNow();
+      case "queue":
+      case "list":
+        return this.cmdQueue();
+      case "clear":
+        return this.cmdClear();
+      case "remove":
+        return this.cmdRemove(cmd);
+      case "mode":
+        return this.cmdMode(cmd);
+      case "playlist":
+        return this.cmdPlaylist(cmd);
+      case "album":
+        return this.cmdAlbum(cmd);
+      case "fm":
+        return this.cmdFm();
+      case "vote":
+        return this.cmdVote(msg);
+      case "lyrics":
+        return this.cmdLyrics();
+      case "move":
+        return this.cmdMove(cmd);
+      case "follow":
+        return this.cmdFollow(msg);
+      case "help":
+        return this.cmdHelp();
+      default:
+        return `Unknown command: ${cmd.name}. Type ${this.config.commandPrefix}help for help.`;
+    }
+  }
+
+  private getProvider(useQQ: boolean): MusicProvider {
+    return useQQ ? this.qqProvider : this.neteaseProvider;
+  }
+
+  private async cmdPlay(cmd: ParsedCommand): Promise<string> {
+    if (!cmd.args) return "Usage: !play <song name or URL>";
+    const provider = this.getProvider(cmd.flags.has("q"));
+    const result = await provider.search(cmd.args, 1);
+    if (result.songs.length === 0)
+      return `No results found for: ${cmd.args}`;
+
+    const song = result.songs[0];
+    const url = await provider.getSongUrl(song.id);
+    if (!url) return `Cannot get play URL for: ${song.name}`;
+
+    const queuedSong: QueuedSong = {
+      ...song,
+      url,
+      platform: provider.platform,
+    };
+    this.queue.clear();
+    this.queue.add(queuedSong);
+    this.queue.play();
+    this.player.play(url);
+
+    this.database.addPlayHistory({
+      botId: this.id,
+      songId: song.id,
+      songName: song.name,
+      artist: song.artist,
+      album: song.album,
+      platform: provider.platform,
+      coverUrl: song.coverUrl,
+    });
+
+    this.emit("stateChange");
+    return `Now playing: ${song.name} - ${song.artist}`;
+  }
+
+  private async cmdAdd(cmd: ParsedCommand): Promise<string> {
+    if (!cmd.args) return "Usage: !add <song name>";
+    const provider = this.getProvider(cmd.flags.has("q"));
+    const result = await provider.search(cmd.args, 1);
+    if (result.songs.length === 0)
+      return `No results found for: ${cmd.args}`;
+
+    const song = result.songs[0];
+    const url = await provider.getSongUrl(song.id);
+    if (!url) return `Cannot get play URL for: ${song.name}`;
+
+    this.queue.add({ ...song, url, platform: provider.platform });
+    this.emit("stateChange");
+    return `Added to queue: ${song.name} - ${song.artist} (position ${this.queue.size()})`;
+  }
+
+  private cmdPause(): string {
+    this.player.pause();
+    this.emit("stateChange");
+    return "Paused";
+  }
+
+  private cmdResume(): string {
+    this.player.resume();
+    this.emit("stateChange");
+    return "Resumed";
+  }
+
+  private cmdStop(): string {
+    this.player.stop();
+    this.queue.clear();
+    this.emit("stateChange");
+    return "Stopped and queue cleared";
+  }
+
+  private cmdNext(): string {
+    this.playNext();
+    const current = this.queue.current();
+    if (current)
+      return `Now playing: ${current.name} - ${current.artist}`;
+    return "Queue is empty";
+  }
+
+  private cmdPrev(): string {
+    const prev = this.queue.prev();
+    if (prev) {
+      this.player.play(prev.url);
+      this.emit("stateChange");
+      return `Now playing: ${prev.name} - ${prev.artist}`;
+    }
+    return "No previous song";
+  }
+
+  private cmdVol(cmd: ParsedCommand): string {
+    const vol = parseInt(cmd.args, 10);
+    if (isNaN(vol) || vol < 0 || vol > 100) return "Usage: !vol <0-100>";
+    this.player.setVolume(vol);
+    this.emit("stateChange");
+    return `Volume set to ${vol}%`;
+  }
+
+  private cmdNow(): string {
+    const song = this.queue.current();
+    if (!song) return "Nothing is playing";
+    return `Now playing: ${song.name} - ${song.artist} [${song.album}] (${song.platform})`;
+  }
+
+  private cmdQueue(): string {
+    const songs = this.queue.list();
+    if (songs.length === 0) return "Queue is empty";
+    const currentIdx = this.queue.getCurrentIndex();
+    const lines = songs.map((s, i) => {
+      const marker = i === currentIdx ? "▶ " : "  ";
+      return `${marker}${i + 1}. ${s.name} - ${s.artist}`;
+    });
+    return `Queue (${songs.length} songs, mode: ${this.queue.getMode()}):\n${lines.join("\n")}`;
+  }
+
+  private cmdClear(): string {
+    this.player.stop();
+    this.queue.clear();
+    this.emit("stateChange");
+    return "Queue cleared";
+  }
+
+  private cmdRemove(cmd: ParsedCommand): string {
+    const index = parseInt(cmd.args, 10) - 1;
+    if (isNaN(index) || index < 0) return "Usage: !remove <number>";
+    const removed = this.queue.remove(index);
+    if (!removed) return "Invalid position";
+    this.emit("stateChange");
+    return `Removed: ${removed.name}`;
+  }
+
+  private cmdMode(cmd: ParsedCommand): string {
+    const modeMap: Record<string, PlayMode> = {
+      seq: PlayMode.Sequential,
+      loop: PlayMode.Loop,
+      random: PlayMode.Random,
+      rloop: PlayMode.RandomLoop,
+    };
+    const mode = modeMap[cmd.args];
+    if (!mode) return "Usage: !mode <seq|loop|random|rloop>";
+    this.queue.setMode(mode);
+    this.emit("stateChange");
+    return `Play mode set to: ${cmd.args}`;
+  }
+
+  private async cmdPlaylist(cmd: ParsedCommand): Promise<string> {
+    if (!cmd.args) return "Usage: !playlist <playlist ID or URL>";
+    const provider = this.getProvider(cmd.flags.has("q"));
+    const id = this.extractId(cmd.args);
+    const songs = await provider.getPlaylistSongs(id);
+    if (songs.length === 0) return "Playlist is empty or not found";
+
+    this.queue.clear();
+    for (const song of songs) {
+      const url = await provider.getSongUrl(song.id);
+      if (url) {
+        this.queue.add({ ...song, url, platform: provider.platform });
+      }
+    }
+    const first = this.queue.play();
+    if (first) this.player.play(first.url);
+    this.emit("stateChange");
+    return `Loaded playlist: ${songs.length} songs. Now playing: ${first?.name ?? "unknown"}`;
+  }
+
+  private async cmdAlbum(cmd: ParsedCommand): Promise<string> {
+    if (!cmd.args) return "Usage: !album <album ID>";
+    const provider = this.getProvider(cmd.flags.has("q"));
+    const songs = await provider.getAlbumSongs(cmd.args);
+    if (songs.length === 0) return "Album is empty or not found";
+
+    this.queue.clear();
+    for (const song of songs) {
+      const url = await provider.getSongUrl(song.id);
+      if (url) {
+        this.queue.add({ ...song, url, platform: provider.platform });
+      }
+    }
+    const first = this.queue.play();
+    if (first) this.player.play(first.url);
+    this.emit("stateChange");
+    return `Loaded album: ${songs.length} songs. Now playing: ${first?.name ?? "unknown"}`;
+  }
+
+  private async cmdFm(): Promise<string> {
+    if (!this.neteaseProvider.getPersonalFm) {
+      return "Personal FM is only available for NetEase Cloud Music";
+    }
+    const songs = await this.neteaseProvider.getPersonalFm();
+    if (songs.length === 0)
+      return "No FM songs available (need to login first)";
+
+    this.queue.clear();
+    for (const song of songs) {
+      const url = await this.neteaseProvider.getSongUrl(song.id);
+      if (url) {
+        this.queue.add({ ...song, url, platform: "netease" });
+      }
+    }
+    const first = this.queue.play();
+    if (first) this.player.play(first.url);
+    this.emit("stateChange");
+    return `Personal FM started: ${first?.name ?? "unknown"} - ${first?.artist ?? ""}`;
+  }
+
+  private async cmdVote(msg?: TS3TextMessage): Promise<string> {
+    if (!msg) return "Vote can only be used in TeamSpeak";
+    this.voteSkipUsers.add(msg.invokerUid);
+    const clients = await this.tsClient.getClientsInChannel();
+    const totalUsers = clients.length - 1;
+    const needed = Math.ceil(totalUsers / 2);
+    const votes = this.voteSkipUsers.size;
+
+    if (votes >= needed) {
+      this.voteSkipUsers.clear();
+      this.playNext();
+      return `Vote passed (${votes}/${needed}). Skipping to next song.`;
+    }
+    return `Vote to skip: ${votes}/${needed} (need ${needed - votes} more)`;
+  }
+
+  private async cmdLyrics(): Promise<string> {
+    const song = this.queue.current();
+    if (!song) return "Nothing is playing";
+    const provider = this.getProvider(song.platform === "qq");
+    const lyrics = await provider.getLyrics(song.id);
+    if (lyrics.length === 0) return "No lyrics available";
+    const lines = lyrics.slice(0, 10).map((l) => l.text);
+    return `Lyrics for ${song.name}:\n${lines.join("\n")}`;
+  }
+
+  private async cmdMove(cmd: ParsedCommand): Promise<string> {
+    if (!cmd.args) return "Usage: !move <channel name or ID>";
+    await this.tsClient.joinChannel(cmd.args);
+    return `Moved to channel: ${cmd.args}`;
+  }
+
+  private async cmdFollow(msg?: TS3TextMessage): Promise<string> {
+    if (!msg) return "Follow can only be used in TeamSpeak";
+    return "Following you to your channel";
+  }
+
+  private cmdHelp(): string {
+    const p = this.config.commandPrefix;
+    return [
+      "TSMusicBot Commands:",
+      `${p}play <song>  — Search and play`,
+      `${p}play -q <song> — Search from QQ Music`,
+      `${p}add <song>   — Add to queue`,
+      `${p}pause/resume — Pause/resume`,
+      `${p}next/prev    — Next/previous`,
+      `${p}stop         — Stop and clear queue`,
+      `${p}vol <0-100>  — Set volume`,
+      `${p}queue        — Show queue`,
+      `${p}mode <seq|loop|random|rloop> — Play mode`,
+      `${p}playlist <id> — Load playlist`,
+      `${p}album <id>   — Load album`,
+      `${p}fm           — Personal FM (NetEase)`,
+      `${p}vote         — Vote to skip`,
+      `${p}lyrics       — Show lyrics`,
+      `${p}now          — Current song info`,
+      `${p}help         — This help message`,
+    ].join("\n");
+  }
+
+  private playNext(): void {
+    this.voteSkipUsers.clear();
+    const next = this.queue.next();
+    if (next) {
+      this.player.play(next.url);
+      this.database.addPlayHistory({
+        botId: this.id,
+        songId: next.id,
+        songName: next.name,
+        artist: next.artist,
+        album: next.album,
+        platform: next.platform,
+        coverUrl: next.coverUrl,
+      });
+    } else {
+      this.player.stop();
+    }
+    this.emit("stateChange");
+  }
+
+  private extractId(input: string): string {
+    const match = input.match(/[?&]id=(\d+)/);
+    if (match) return match[1];
+    const pathMatch = input.match(/\/(\d+)/);
+    if (pathMatch) return pathMatch[1];
+    return input;
+  }
+
+  getStatus(): BotStatus {
+    return {
+      id: this.id,
+      name: this.name,
+      connected: this.connected,
+      playing: this.player.getState() === "playing",
+      paused: this.player.getState() === "paused",
+      currentSong: this.queue.current(),
+      queueSize: this.queue.size(),
+      volume: this.player.getVolume(),
+      playMode: this.queue.getMode(),
+    };
+  }
+
+  getQueue(): QueuedSong[] {
+    return this.queue.list();
+  }
+
+  getPlayer(): AudioPlayer {
+    return this.player;
+  }
+
+  getQueueManager(): PlayQueue {
+    return this.queue;
+  }
+
+  isConnected(): boolean {
+    return this.connected;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/bot/manager.ts b/src/bot/manager.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2ed8470
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bot/manager.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+import crypto from "node:crypto";
+import {
+  BotInstance,
+  type BotInstanceOptions,
+} from "./instance.js";
+import type { MusicProvider } from "../music/provider.js";
+import type { BotDatabase } from "../data/database.js";
+import type { BotConfig } from "../data/config.js";
+import type { Logger } from "../logger.js";
+
+export interface CreateBotParams {
+  name: string;
+  serverAddress: string;
+  serverPort: number;
+  queryPort?: number;
+  nickname: string;
+  defaultChannel?: string;
+  channelPassword?: string;
+  autoStart?: boolean;
+}
+
+export class BotManager {
+  private bots = new Map<string, BotInstance>();
+  private neteaseProvider: MusicProvider;
+  private qqProvider: MusicProvider;
+  private database: BotDatabase;
+  private config: BotConfig;
+  private logger: Logger;
+
+  constructor(
+    neteaseProvider: MusicProvider,
+    qqProvider: MusicProvider,
+    database: BotDatabase,
+    config: BotConfig,
+    logger: Logger
+  ) {
+    this.neteaseProvider = neteaseProvider;
+    this.qqProvider = qqProvider;
+    this.database = database;
+    this.config = config;
+    this.logger = logger;
+  }
+
+  async createBot(params: CreateBotParams): Promise<BotInstance> {
+    const id = crypto.randomUUID();
+
+    const bot = new BotInstance({
+      id,
+      name: params.name,
+      tsOptions: {
+        host: params.serverAddress,
+        port: params.serverPort,
+        queryPort: params.queryPort ?? 10011,
+        nickname: params.nickname,
+        defaultChannel: params.defaultChannel,
+        channelPassword: params.channelPassword,
+      },
+      neteaseProvider: this.neteaseProvider,
+      qqProvider: this.qqProvider,
+      database: this.database,
+      config: this.config,
+      logger: this.logger,
+    });
+
+    this.bots.set(id, bot);
+
+    this.database.saveBotInstance({
+      id,
+      name: params.name,
+      serverAddress: params.serverAddress,
+      serverPort: params.serverPort,
+      nickname: params.nickname,
+      defaultChannel: params.defaultChannel ?? "",
+      channelPassword: params.channelPassword ?? "",
+      autoStart: params.autoStart ?? false,
+    });
+
+    this.logger.info({ botId: id, name: params.name }, "Bot instance created");
+    return bot;
+  }
+
+  async removeBot(id: string): Promise<void> {
+    const bot = this.bots.get(id);
+    if (bot) {
+      bot.disconnect();
+      this.bots.delete(id);
+    }
+    this.database.deleteBotInstance(id);
+    this.logger.info({ botId: id }, "Bot instance removed");
+  }
+
+  getBot(id: string): BotInstance | undefined {
+    return this.bots.get(id);
+  }
+
+  getAllBots(): BotInstance[] {
+    return Array.from(this.bots.values());
+  }
+
+  async startBot(id: string): Promise<void> {
+    const bot = this.bots.get(id);
+    if (!bot) throw new Error(`Bot ${id} not found`);
+    await bot.connect();
+  }
+
+  stopBot(id: string): void {
+    const bot = this.bots.get(id);
+    if (!bot) throw new Error(`Bot ${id} not found`);
+    bot.disconnect();
+  }
+
+  async loadSavedBots(): Promise<void> {
+    const savedInstances = this.database.getBotInstances();
+    for (const saved of savedInstances) {
+      const bot = new BotInstance({
+        id: saved.id,
+        name: saved.name,
+        tsOptions: {
+          host: saved.serverAddress,
+          port: saved.serverPort,
+          queryPort: 10011,
+          nickname: saved.nickname,
+          defaultChannel: saved.defaultChannel || undefined,
+          channelPassword: saved.channelPassword || undefined,
+        },
+        neteaseProvider: this.neteaseProvider,
+        qqProvider: this.qqProvider,
+        database: this.database,
+        config: this.config,
+        logger: this.logger,
+      });
+
+      this.bots.set(saved.id, bot);
+
+      if (saved.autoStart) {
+        try {
+          await bot.connect();
+          this.logger.info(
+            { botId: saved.id, name: saved.name },
+            "Auto-started bot"
+          );
+        } catch (err) {
+          this.logger.error(
+            { err, botId: saved.id },
+            "Failed to auto-start bot"
+          );
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    this.logger.info(
+      { count: savedInstances.length },
+      "Loaded saved bot instances"
+    );
+  }
+
+  shutdown(): void {
+    for (const bot of this.bots.values()) {
+      bot.disconnect();
+    }
+    this.bots.clear();
+  }
+}